Verbs like teettää and korjauttaa – Teettoverbit
Verbs like teettää and korjauttaa express that you are making someone else do an action. While korjata “to fix”, the verb korjauttaa means “to have fixed, to make someone else fix something”. In Finnish, you call a verb like this a teettoverbi, which is a type of transitive verb. In English, I’ve come across the term “curative causatives”. Read more about transitivity!
Some of these verbs have other meanings too, but the focus is on their causative meanings.
1. Verbs List
Base verb | English | Causative | English example |
---|---|---|---|
ajaa | to shave | ajattaa | having the barber shave your beard |
ampua | to shoot | ammuttaa | having the executioner shoot criminals |
arvioida | to assess | arvioittaa | having a specialist assess something |
hakata | to chop | hakkauttaa | having a lumberjack chop trees down |
hakea | to go get | haettaa | having someone go get a doctor |
harjoitella | to practice | harjoituttaa | making students practice for a play |
hieroa | to rub | hierottaa | having a masseuse give you a massage |
hinata | to tow | hinauttaa | having your car towed |
hioa | to hone | hiottaa | having your knives sharpened |
hirttää | to hang | hirtättää | having the executioner hang someone |
hoitaa | to take care | hoidattaa | having an employee take care of things |
huoltaa | to service | huollattaa | having your car serviced |
hyväksyä | to approve | hyväksyttää | having someone approve of something |
laittaa | to put | laitattaa | having a barber put your hair up |
juosta | to run | juoksuttaa | making other people run |
kaivaa | to dig | kaivattaa | having a ditch dug |
kaivertaa | to engrave | kaiverruttaa | having someone engrave a ring |
kaataa | to fell | kaadattaa | having a forest felled |
kammata | to comb | kampauttaa | having a hairdresser comb your hair |
kantaa | to carry | kannattaa | having someone carry your stuff |
katsastaa | to inspect | katsastuttaa | having your car inspected |
kehittää | to develop | kehityttää | having your pictures developed |
kirjoittaa | to write | kirjoituttaa | having someone write your biography |
korjata | to fix | korjauttaa | having your car fixed |
kuljettaa | to transport | kuljetuttaa | having a firm move your stuff for you |
kuvata | to photograph | kuvauttaa | having a professional photograph you |
kääntää | to translate | käännättää | having a translator translate a book |
laulaa | to sing | laulattaa | making the students sing |
leikata | to cut | leikkauttaa | having a barber cut your hair |
leimata | to stamp | leimauttaa | having an official put a stamp on papers |
lukea | to read | luettaa | making students read out loud |
maalata | to paint | maalauttaa | having an artist paint your portrait |
maistaa | to taste | maistattaa | having clients taste different wines |
marssia | to march | marssittaa | having soldiers march to the front |
murhata | to murder | murhauttaa | having your foes murdered |
muuttaa | to exchange | muutattaa | having someone change your tires |
nostaa | to lift | nostattaa | having movers lift your piano |
odottaa | to wait | odotuttaa | making others wait |
ommella | to sew | ompeluttaa | having a dressmaker sew your clothes |
ostaa | to buy | ostattaa | having someone buy alcohol for you |
ottaa | to take | otattaa | having your picture taken |
painaa | to print | painattaa | having a book printed for you |
pukea | to dress | puettaa | having your mom dress you |
pestä | to wash | pesettää | having your clothes washed |
piirtää | to draw | piirrättää | having an artist draw your picture |
poistaa | to remove | poistattaa | to have a stain removed |
puhdistaa | to clean | puhdistuttaa | having a specialist clean something |
purkaa | to unload | purattaa | having movers unload the cargo |
rakentaa | to build | rakennuttaa | having a firm build the house |
siirtää | to transfer | siirrättää | having the movers move the piano |
silittää | to iron | silityttää | having a cleaner iron your clothes |
sitoa | to bind | sidottaa | having someone tie your eyes |
suurentaa | to enlarge | suurennuttaa | having an employee enlarge a picture |
säätää | to adjust | säädättää | having your car’s brakes adjusted |
tappaa | to kill | tapattaa | having a mercenary kill your foes |
tarkastaa | to review | tarkastuttaa | having someone proofread your thesis |
tarkistaa | to check | tarkistuttaa | having an official check the register |
tasata | to even | tasauttaa | having a barber straighten your bangs |
tatuoida | to tattoo | tatuoittaa | having a tattoo artist tattoo you |
tehdä | to do | teettää | having a dressmaker make you a suit |
tutkia | to examine | tutkittaa | having an eye doctor check your eyes |
vangita | to capture | vangituttaa | having an official capture a criminal |
vetää | to pull | vedättää | having a dentist pull your tooth |
värjätä | to dye | värjäyttää | having a barber dye your hair |
2. Sentence Construction of Teettoverbit
The sentence construction of verbs like teettää and korjauttaa is unusual. The subject of these sentences, which is usually a person, causes the verb’s action to come about, but doesn’t do the action themselves. The do-er or the action can usually be expressed using the adessive case (-lla).
However, often the do-er not mentioned at all. For example, when you say “I had my beard shaved” it is quite likely that the do-er is a barber, and that it doesn’t for the context matter at all who did the shaving: Hän ajatti partansa.
There are many linguistic sources (e.g. kielikello) available in which the problematic usage of this sentence construction is discussed. The main issue is that it can cause misunderstandings, and that there are other, more easily understadable sentence constructions available. For example, we can say “Matti antaa Pekan rakentaa talon.” instead of “Matti rakennuttaa Pekalla talon.” “Matti makes Pekka build the house”
Nevertheless, it’s good to learn of the existence of verbs like teettää and korjauttaa.
3. Example Sentences
Below, I’m only including full example sentences of the verbs like teettää and korjauttaa that you are the most likely to run into.
3.1. Health, hygiene and beauty
Finnish | English |
---|---|
Hän ajatti partansa. | He had his beard removed. |
Hän laitatti kampauksensa. | She had her hair made. |
Hän kampautti hiuksensa. | She had her hair combed. |
Leikkauttaa tukkansa. | She had her hair cut. |
Tasauttaa otsatukkansa. | She had the bangs evened out. |
Hän värjäyttää tukkansa punaiseksi. | She had her hair dyed red. |
Hän hierotti hartioitaan. | He had his shoulders massaged. |
Hän haetti lääkärin luokseen. | He made them get a doctor. |
Hän hoidatti hampaansa kuntoon. | He had his teeth fixed. |
Hän tutkitti näkönsä. | She had her vision checked. |
Hän vedätti hampaan. | She had a tooth pulled. |
Hän ompelutti vaatteita ompelijalla. | He had a sewer sew the clothes. |
Hän teetti puvun Aasiassa. | He had the suit made in Asia. |
Hän poistatti tahran pesulassa. | He had a stain removed at the cleaner’s. |
Hän pesetti pyykit pesulassa. | He had laundry washed at the cleaner’s. |
Hän silitytti pukunsa. | He had his suit ironed. |
3.2. Physical work
Finnish | English |
---|---|
Hän hinautti auton huoltamoon. | He had the car towed to the garage. |
Hän huollatti autonsa huoltamossa. | He serviced his car in the garage. |
Hän katsastutti autonsa tammikuussa. | He had his car inspected in January. |
Hän muutatti autoon talvirenkaat. | He had his winter tires changed. |
Hän säädätti jarrunsa ajoissa. | He had his brakes adjusted in time. |
Hän rakennutti itselleen talon. | He had a house built for himself. |
Hän maalautti talonsa. | He had his house painted. |
Hän korjautti katon. | He had the roof repaired. |
Hän kaivatti ojan. | He had a ditch dug. |
Hän kaadatti puita. | He had some trees felled. |
Hän kuljetutti tavaransa. | He had his things transported. |
Hän siirrätti pianon. | He had the piano moved. |
Hän puratti lastin. | He had the cargo unloaded. |
3.3. Violence
Finnish | English |
---|---|
Stalin ammutti hänet vuonna 1937. | Stalin had him shot in the year 1937. |
Hän marssitti joukot rajalle. | He had the troops marched to the border. |
Diktaattori vangitutti vastustajiaan. | The dictator had his opponents captured. |
Hän murhautti vastustajansa. | He had his opponents murdered. |
Diktaattori hirtätti vastustajansa. | The dictator had his opponents hanged. |
Diktaattori tapatti vastustajiaan. | The dictator had his opponents killed. |
3.4. Pictures and films
Finnish | English |
---|---|
Hän piirrätti talon arkkitehdillä. | He had an architect draw the house. |
Hän suurennutti valokuvia. | He had the photos enlarged. |
Hän kävi kuvauttamassa itsensä. | He went to have his picture taken. |
Hän otatti passikuvan. | He had a passport picture taken. |
Hän kehitytti filmin liikkeessä. | He had a film developed at a store. |
3.5. Paperwork and bureaucracy
Finnish | English |
---|---|
Hän kirjoitutti muistiinpanot puhtaaksi. | He had someone type up the notes. |
Hallitus hyväksytti lain. | The government got the law approved. |
Hän tarkistutti tietonsa. | He had his information checked. |
Hän käännätti kirjan suomeksi. | He had the book translated to Finnish. |
Hän painatti kirjan salaa. | He secretly had the book printed. |
Hän sidotti väitöskirjansa. | He had his dissertation bound. |
Hän leimautti jäsenkorttinsa. | He had his member card stamped. |
Read more about the topic elsewhere:
- SKS: Teettoverbit: johdon ja taivutuksen välimaastoa
- JSL: The causative constructions in the Finnish language
- Geda Paulsen: Causation and dominance
That’s it for verbs like teettää and korjauttaa! Do read more about it elsewhere if you’re into linguistics!
In addition to marking the do-er with the adessive (-llA), Jukka Korpela’s Handbook of Finnish section on the syntax of causation also includes the following:
If I added more (unnecessary) complexity, rest assured it is a case of “misery loves company”! Mostly, I’ve only come across these concepts in Wiktionary and my feeble attempts to translate the key concepts in ISK. The classification I’ve seen most often is “causative” and it’s subcategory “curative”. Perhaps even without a perfect English translation, the concept can still be illustrated by making comparison tables, marking the role of each participant and the associated linguistic markers? I often do this in my study notes, especially when the textbook says that one of the participants is unknown or unmentioned. As for other verb types to explore in the same grouping, maybe captative verbs (e.g. ‘kalastaa’ (to fish))?
Maalautta: having an article paint your portrait. Article=artist.
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
93. “Sosiaalisen median vaikuttajan [rahapelien mainonnan kiellon vaikutukset](https://mvlehti.org/sosiaalisen-median-vaikuttajan-rahapelimainonnan-kiellon-seuraukset-jouko-karkkaisen-tapaus/) tuovat esiin digitaalisen markkinoinnin haasteet ja vastuukysymykset. Se herättää keskustelua siitä, miten mainontaa tulisi säännellä sosiaalisessa mediassa ja mikä on vaikuttajien vastuu seuraajiinsa nähden.”
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