Adverbs of Time – Ajan Adverbit
May 3, 2019
May 31, 2021
Time! There are so many words connected to time. On this page, we will be looking at adverbs of time. These can express the point of time something happens at, but also whether an event repeats itself and how long it lasts.
If you want to take a look at adverbs of location, manner or intensity, take a look at our page about the different types of adverbs! You should also check out our page on questions of time (e.g. Kuinka kauan? Mihin mennessä? Moneltako?). We also have separate pages about the clock, the months and the years.
1. Adverbs of Time
The easiest adverbs (aka the ones to study first) have been marked in green.
[lgc_column grid=”50″ tablet_grid=”50″ mobile_grid=”100″ last=”false”]
| Adverbs of the past | |
|---|---|
| Finnish | English |
| aiemmin | previously |
| aikaisemmin | earlier |
| aikoinaan | once |
| ammoin | long gone |
| eilen | yesterday |
| ennalta | pre- |
| ennakkoon | in advance |
| ennen | before |
| ennestään | already |
| entuudestaan | already |
| etukäteen | in advance |
| hiljattain | recently |
| juuri | just |
| lopulta | finally |
| muinoin | anciently |
| sitten | ago |
| toissapäivänä | 2 days ago |
| vanhastaan | long |
| vasta | just/only |
| vastikään | recently |
| viimeksi | last |
| äsken | just now |
| äskettäin | recently |
[/lgc_column][lgc_column grid=”50″ tablet_grid=”50″ mobile_grid=”100″ last=”false”]
| Adverbs of the future | |
|---|---|
| Finnish | English |
| aluksi | at first |
| ensiksi | first |
| ensin | first |
| heti | right away |
| huomenna | tomorrow |
| jälkeenpäin | afterwards |
| jälkikäteen | afterwards |
| kohta | soon |
| lähiaikoina | shortly |
| myöhemmin | later |
| oitis | right away |
| piakkoin | shortly |
| pian | soon |
| seuraavaksi | next |
| sittemmin | since then |
| sitten | then (link) |
| vastedes | from now on |
| ylihuomenna | day aft tmrw |
[/lgc_column][lgc_column grid=”50″ tablet_grid=”50″ mobile_grid=”100″ last=”false”]
| Adverbs of the present | |
|---|---|
| Finnish | English |
| nykyisin | these days |
| nykyään | these days |
| nyt | now |
| nyttemmin | just now |
| paraikaa | just now |
| parhaillaan | presently |
| samalla | at the same time |
| samanaikaisesti | simultaneously |
| tänään | today |
| tätä nykyä | these days |
| välittömästi | immediately |
| yhtaikaa | simultaneously |
| aina | always |
[/lgc_column][lgc_column grid=”50″ tablet_grid=”50″ mobile_grid=”100″ last=”true”]
| More adverbs | |
|---|---|
| Finnish | English |
| aikaisin | early |
| aikanaan | in due course |
| arkisin | on weekdays |
| aamuisin | in the mornings |
| iltaisin | every evening |
| ennen pitkää | before long |
| milloin | when |
| muulloin | at other times |
| silloin | then (link) |
| tuolloin | back then |
| myöhään | late |
| yleensä | usually |
| ei ikinä | never |
| ei koskaan | never |
| ei milloinkaan | never |
| edelleen | still |
| joskus | sometimes |
| harvoin | rarely |
| kauan sitten | long time ago |
| jo | already |
| kauan | long time |
| kerran | once |
| yhä | still |
| vielä | still |
| ei vielä | not yet |
| varhain | early |
| vihdoin | finally |
[/lgc_column]
2. Example Sentences
| Finnish | English |
|---|---|
| Liisa on harvoin ajoissa. | Liisa is rarely on time. |
| Juon joskus liikaa. | I drink too much sometimes. |
| Herään yleensä kahdeksalta. | I usually wake up at eight. |
| Tällainen olen aina ollut. | I’ve always been like this. |
| Kävin eilen kuntosalilla. | I went to the gym yesterday. |
| Tänään syödään lohikeittoa. | Today we eat salmon soup. |
| Huomenna on syntymäpäiväni. | Tomorrow is my birthday. |
| Koulu alkaa ylihuomenna. | School starts in two days. |
| Imuroin toissapäivänä. | I vacuumed 2 days ago. |
| Heräsin aikaisin aamulla. | I woke up early in the morning. |
| Anna herää arkisin viideltä. | Anna wakes up at five on weekdays. |
| Käyn aamuisin kuntosalilla. | I go to the gym every morning. |
| Katson iltaisin televisiota. | I watch television in the evenings. |
| En ole käynyt täällä aiemmin. | I haven’t been here before. |
| Voisitko tulla aikaisemmin? | Could you come earlier? |
| Olen aikoinaan käynyt siellä. | I’ve been there at one point. |
| Kaikki oli paremmin ennen. | Everything was better before. |
| Hän oli minulle ennestään tuttu. | I already knew him from before. |
| Mies oli entuudestaan tuttu. | The man was already known. |
| Sinun täytyy maksaa etukäteen. | You have to pay in advance. |
| Olen hiljattain muuttanut. | I’ve recently moved. |
| Olin juuri tulossa. | I was just coming. |
| Juna saapui lopulta Ouluun. | The train finally arrived in Oulu. |
| Suomi oli muinoin… | In ancient times Finland was… |
| “hetki sitten“, “viikko sitten“ | “a moment ago“, “a week ago“ |
| Vaikutus on vanhastaan tiedetty. | The effect has long been known. |
| Hän on vasta kaksivuotias. | He’s only/just two years old. |
| He muuttivat tänne vastikään. | They moved here recently. |
| Kävin viimeksi Alpeissa vuosi sitten. | I last went to the Alps a year ago. |
| Hänen junansa lähti äsken. | Her train left just now. |
| Kuulin asiasta vasta äskettäin. | I heard about it only recently. |
| Aluksi ajatus tuntui mahdottomalta. | At first the idea felt impossible. |
| Ensiksi autetaan hiljaisinta potilasta. | First the most quiet patient is helped. |
| Sinun täytyy ensin syödä. | You have to eat first. |
| Tule heti tänne! | Come here right now! |
| Vuosia jälkeenpäin ymmärsin. | Years later I finally understood. |
| Älä enää välitä jälkikäteen. | Don’t complain anymore afterwards. |
| Hän päättää asiasta lähiaikoina. | He will decide in the near future. |
| Voitko tulla myöhemmin takaisin? | Can you come back later? |
| Menin oitis hakemaan hänet. | I went to pick her up right away. |
| He pääsevät piakkoin päätökseen. | They will come to a conclusion soon. |
| Tulen pian takaisin. | I’ll be back soon. |
| Ruoka on kohta valmiina. | The food is ready soon. |
| Seuraavaksi kuunnellaan uutiset. | Next, we’ll listen to the news. |
| Sittemmin astiat on huonontunut. | Things have gotten worse since then. |
| …ja sitten hän lähti. | …and then he left. |
| Kutsun häntä vastedes pelastajaksi. | I call him savior from now on. |
| Nykyisin ei hyväksytä väkivaltaa. | Violence is not accepted these days. |
| Nykyään on vaikeampaa löytää apua. | It’s harder to find help these days. |
| Minä haluan nyt vastauksen. | I want an answer now. |
| Olen nyttemmin ymmärtänyt asian. | I’ve understood it just recently. |
| Sitä käsitellään paraikaa. | It is currently being discussed. |
| Makaan parhaillaan rannalla. | I am presently laying on the beach. |
| Säästät samalla rahaa. | You’ll save money at the same time. |
| Käytä laitteita samanaikaisesti! | Use the devices simultaneously. |
| Työskentelen tätä nykyä yliopistolla. | I work at the university these days. |
| Poistu autostani välittömästi! | Get out of my car immediately! |
| Olen yhtaikaa iloinen ja surullinen. | I am simultaneously happy and sad. |
| Kaikki loppuu aikanaan. | All things eventuallly come to an end. |
| Ennen pitkää hän tulee. | Before long he will come. |
| Valvoin liian myöhään. | I stayed up too late. |
| Hän heräsi varhain aamulla. | She woke up early in the morning. |
| Milloin tulet käymään? | When will you come visit? |
| Muulloin en sanoisi niin. | I wouldn’t say so at any other time. |
| Silloin vihdoinkin ymmärsin. | I finally understood then. |
| Olin liian nuori tuolloin. | I was too young back then. |
| Timo ei tule ikinä ajoissa. | Timo never comes on time. |
| Jari ei palaa koskaan. | Jari never returns. |
| Älä milloinkaan kävele jäällä! | Don’t ever walk on the ice! |
| Leila kertoi sen kauan sitten. | Leila told it a long time ago. |
| Odotin häntä kauan. | I waited for him for a long time. |
| Simo saapui vihdoin. | Simo finally arrived. |
| Olen käynyt kerran Malabadissa. | I’ve been to Malabad once. |
| Tanja on edelleen ystäväni. | Tanja is still my friend. |
| Kaarina on yhä velkaa minulle. | Kaarina still owes me. |
| Tiesin asiasta jo. | I knew about it already. |
| Oletko vielä elossa? | Are you still alive? |
| Antti ei ole vielä valmis. | Antti is not ready yet. |
That’s it for adverbs of time! Next, you chould check out our page on questions of time (e.g. Kuinka kauan? Mihin mennessä? Moneltako?). We also have separate pages about the clock, the days of the week, the months and the years.
There is always more to be learned about adverbs of time!
Jo and entuudestaan/ennestään: All three mean “already”, and yet you combined either of the two with ‘jo’, which appears redundant to me. There must be a reason for this, otherwise such combination wouldn’t needed, so I would like to know what are the differences.
Thank you for the explanation and I understand now. I dive pretty deep in the Finnish Language, I am drawn by its seemingly mysterious nature.
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